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- Path: news.mountain.net!usenet
- From: gene_heskett@wvlink.mpl.com (Gene Heskett)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.amiga.hardware
- Subject: Re: IV-24 Chroma Keying
- Date: 06 Apr 96 00:06:55 +0500
- Organization: MountainNet, Inc. Morgantown WV 800.444.1458
- Message-ID: <2863.6670T6T2778@wvlink.mpl.com>
- References: <225.6668T456T546@student.uq.edu.au>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: slip6.mpl.com
- X-Newsreader: THOR 2.22 (Amiga;TCP/IP)
-
-
- PH> Phil Hoffmann
-
- "Do I need extra hardware?" - Yes, Phil. While its theoretically
- possible to do a "chroma key" in software alone given a cpu that runs
- at many hundreds of megahertz, the software hasn't yet been written
- to allow that.
-
- What a "chroma key" is, is a signal that tells the video effects unit
- to substitute one video source for another *when* the color picked as
- the key color appears coming out of the source, normally a camera
- whose outputs are in the form of individual red, green, and blue
- signals. Its possible to do it with a composite ntsc signal also,
- but this means that either the key source run well over a microsecond
- ahead of the main videos in order to have time to decode the ntsc
- signal back into RGB.
-
- Normally, the RGB signals are fed into a rather unique video bridge.
- This "bridge" detects the relative levels of the 3 colors and outputs
- a signal thats true only when the correct color is detected. The
- signal is used to drive the video switcher to effect the source
- switch from one picture to the other.
-
- The requirement for the hardware becomes obvious when you consider
- that this *must* be done, on *both* edges of the color, in well under
- 30 nanoseconds, or *both* of the video signals must be delayed by the
- amount of the delay in the color detector circuitry.
-
- As video speed, clean, no ringing allowed, tap-able (so you can get
- an exact time match) delay lines tend to be sold by the microsecond,
- both technics are used. Why? If this delay matching isn't done,
- then the keyed image and the key won't be in time, allowing the key
- color to show on one edge, and trimming the inserted image before its
- edge on the other. I'm sure you've seen the effect once or twice on
- locally produced newscasts etc.
-
- This key signal generator can run rather nicely from the RGB outputs
- normally fed to the monitor on a amiga running an ntsc hi-res-laced
- screen, and which is genlocked to the station sync. We did do it
- that way here for a bit. In our case now, the keyer itself is in the
- miggy, in the form of a color zero output from a Magni type
- genlocker, or the key signal from the toaster. We use both depending
- on the application at hand. We could, and did for a while, send the
- RGB right into our Grass 300's internal chroma keyers, but as we
- couldn't get enough range to time all sources, and the miggy was off
- the most, it went. The miggy generated key is actually better timed
- in this case.
-
- Of course you can't see it in the toaster drawings since they don't
- furnish any, but that miggy keyer is hardware nonetheless.
-
- /* Gene Heskett | I need help, please see my adv. */
- /* CE @ WDTV Weston/Clarksburg WV | in the newsgroup 'alt.tv.jobs' */
- /* <gene_heskett@wvlink.mpl.com> | We are an equal opportunity and */
- #include <std.disclaimer> | all that stuff employer.
-
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-